Paired-samples t test
Purpose
Test a mean against a reference or compare two means.
Data and assumptions
Distinguish independent participants from paired measurements. With small samples, assess the relevant distribution and outliers. Specify a one-sided direction before inspecting results.
Configure this method
Add the two variables for each pair. Values on the same row must belong to the same participant. Each pair uses its complete matched cases; the difference is first minus second.
Variables
| Control | Input |
|---|---|
| Paired variables | Add ordered variable pairs |
Analysis settings
| Parameter | Choices | Default |
|---|---|---|
| Alternative hypothesis | Two-tailed, Greater Than, Less Than | two-sided |
Analysis parameters remain visible in the main configuration area. Advanced formatting contains only the table title and numeric decimals. Methods that calculate intervals also show the significance level; 0.05 corresponds to 95% intervals.
Read the results
Read the direction and confidence interval of the difference before t, degrees of freedom, p and effect size. A nonsignificant result does not establish equivalence. Sample and distribution diagnostics remain in raw output.
Workflow and exports
- Upload the dataset and choose the method from the sidebar or search.
- Select the variables above, set the design-specific options, then run the analysis.
- Inspect the paper-style result. Reconfigure from the result area, or open raw output for diagnostics and sample details.
- Rename and keep result tabs as needed. Export Word, Excel, CSV or TXT; batch export can include the selected AI interpretation. Word retains figures. AI text should be checked against the estimates.